What Has Government Done To Our Money?
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Austrian-School economics is the foundation for economic theory among most libertarians. If you've come to regard economics as boring, you're missing out! Austrian-School theory is intuitive, commonsensical, and empowering. It's the only fully integrated theory of economics which can simply and reliably explain (and predict!) the ups and downs of the bus
This book, along with "The Mystery of Banking" make for fantastic introductions into the system of economic theory known as the Austrian-School.Austrian-School economics is the foundation for economic theory among most libertarians. If you've come to regard economics as boring, you're missing out! Austrian-School theory is intuitive, commonsensical, and empowering. It's the only fully integrated theory of economics which can simply and reliably explain (and predict!) the ups and downs of the business cycle, without resorting to dubious claims from psychology and bastardizations of group dynamics.
Other theories, like the Keynesian-School, must use intensely complicated and ultimately fallacious concepts to explain common economic phenomena, making for a disinterested public, and an over-reliance on so-called experts to interpret conditions. It's no surprise then, that Keynesian-School theory is the choice of most modern educational institutions, and the orthodoxy of public policy schools. It's inscrutability and need for expert interpretation lends itself to use by the state as a lever of control.
This book and "Banking", mentioned above, both by renown libertarian scholar Murray Rothbard, give an easy, ground-up primer on the monetary aspect of Austrian-School theory. No prior experience is required. You'll likely find yourself "getting it" almost from the first page. And if you've never been in contact with this way of economic thinking before, get ready for a shock. It'll cause you to question why the mainstream doesn't ever seem to want to look at things this way.
You'll discover here why the gold standard was natural, a great idea, why we (and all modern nations) left it, and how it's not the anachronistic boogey-man mainstream media and economists would like you to think it is.
...moreExcellent little book.
It really clearly explains the concept of money and how the Fed (Federal Reserve Board) controls it in the US.
Rothbard has a funky notion about 100% reserve requirement and I believe gets that aspect quite wrong. This is not really a minor problem with this book, but the rest is so good that I still give it 4 stars.
But I urge the thoughtful reader to move on to Mises, in particular the pertin
6 Oct. 2019 - I have read this book at least a couple times over the last 40 years.Excellent little book.
It really clearly explains the concept of money and how the Fed (Federal Reserve Board) controls it in the US.
Rothbard has a funky notion about 100% reserve requirement and I believe gets that aspect quite wrong. This is not really a minor problem with this book, but the rest is so good that I still give it 4 stars.
But I urge the thoughtful reader to move on to Mises, in particular the pertinent sections of Human Action, to get the more full and complete story.
There are other critiques of Rothbard, and I will add them as I get that info.
...moreEven decades after being first published these essays will still be of interest to those who want a different perspective on banking from the one found in the average newspaper. After reading the essays, it'd be hard to think that,
Murray Rothbard was a great writer, and these two essays are no exception. Though the essays are at times repetitive, his arguments are clearly defined, comprehensively argued and in his typical style adorned with various amusing and interesting anecdotes and examples.Even decades after being first published these essays will still be of interest to those who want a different perspective on banking from the one found in the average newspaper. After reading the essays, it'd be hard to think that, as is often assured, all is well in the world of finance.
Rothbard concludes his essay The Case for the 100 Percent Gold Dollar with the following statement, aimed at those who would argue that the ideas he advocates are out of touch with the modern world, or even dangerous.
'There is no gainsaying the fact that this suggested program will strike most people as impossibly "radical" and "unrealistic"; any suggestion for changing the status quo, no matter how slight, can always be considered by someone as too radical, so that the only thoroughgoing escape from the charge of impracticality is never to advocate any change whatever in existing conditions. But to take this approach is to abandon human reason, and to drift in animal- or plant-like manner with the tide of events.'...more
Those are just a few of the questions answered Why do we consider that money, alone among all commodities, needs to be carefully regulated and controlled by a central government and cannot be left in the invisible hands of the free market? What really is money, how it came to be and what is its price? Can its creation and regulation be entrusted to the free market? How did currencies such as the pound and the dollar cease to mean a certain weight of gold and become the fiat moneys they are today?
Those are just a few of the questions answered in this book. It is both engaging and extremely informative. It filled many of the gaps in my appalingly meagre financial education. Highly recommend, even if you don't agree with the author's libertalian views. ...more
Ever wonder why gold's breaking $900 (Jan 2008), or "if our money isn't based on the gold standard anymore, then what is it based on?"
Wonder why our government has rendered our money increasingly worthless for their own power and self-aggrandizement?
This book is pretty damn good if you want to take the red pill and see why our government is leading us to financial ruin.
As a bonus, you can download a pdf copy or read the html version off of the m
"WHERE'S THE GOLD? LET'S GO GET THE GOLD!!!" --ATHFEver wonder why gold's breaking $900 (Jan 2008), or "if our money isn't based on the gold standard anymore, then what is it based on?"
Wonder why our government has rendered our money increasingly worthless for their own power and self-aggrandizement?
This book is pretty damn good if you want to take the red pill and see why our government is leading us to financial ruin.
As a bonus, you can download a pdf copy or read the html version off of the mises.org website. Just google, "rothbard government money."
...moreMy point is not that Rothbard is mistaken (although he is), but rather that his work lends no justification to his claims, or to any claims, for that matter. It is important that this is recognized for what it is: a man's opinion, not argument.
...moreits a good read. i'd recommend it to whoever is calling to go back to the gold standard,specifically the last two chapters, and what he said about world war I is an explanation on why it is impossible to go back to a gold standard today.
NOTE: read the last edition because since th
many people believe we can go back to the gold standard and that it would cause more monetary and economic stability which not possible today. this book provides excellent knowledge on money and the revolution of moneyits a good read. i'd recommend it to whoever is calling to go back to the gold standard,specifically the last two chapters, and what he said about world war I is an explanation on why it is impossible to go back to a gold standard today.
NOTE: read the last edition because since the first edition many content changed.
...moreAfter all, when the creation of false dilemmas is deemed an occupational necessity, their perpetuation becomes an unspoken imperative. So, regardless of the degree of fiscal conservatism practiced, and monetary policy tightening encouraged; all governments tend to be inherently inflationary.
This assertion itself is not greatly disputed, and Rothbard demonstrates why this is so in the first part of the book; What Has Government Done to Our Money?
Governments change, but policies rarely seem to.After all, when the creation of false dilemmas is deemed an occupational necessity, their perpetuation becomes an unspoken imperative. So, regardless of the degree of fiscal conservatism practiced, and monetary policy tightening encouraged; all governments tend to be inherently inflationary.
This assertion itself is not greatly disputed, and Rothbard demonstrates why this is so in the first part of the book; What Has Government Done to Our Money? is a cogent account of the evolution of money to facilitate trade, and of its subsequent appropriation by the states and their agencies, the central banks, that eventually led to the de-linking to the gold standard which kept the overall supply of money in check.
How this in turn has fostered the now-familiar economic boom-bust cycles is also well argued; and economists from the Austrian school can feel vindicated for having predicted the current state of affairs on this basis.
The second part of the book, The Case for the 100 Percent Gold Dollar , is not as persuasive, even if it does possess theoretical merit. For one, on the monetary side, fractional-reserve banking is so well-entrenched that to even contemplate that consumers would pay "warehousing fees" for the safe-keeping of their money, rather than receive an interest income, is rather difficult; not is it clear that governments can effectively provide the desired supply of public goods without being at least somewhat inflationary.
...moreOne of the chapters read like a prophecy of the cover of WSJ any of the last 6 months. The hard truth here, is that our monetary system is totally screwed up, and all of the current 'ideas' to correct it will only take us in the wrong direction. A proper cure to our monetary system will hurt, but it won't hurt as bad as the disease we currently have.
...moreBut it is more sinister than that. The FED, by means of controlling central bank, can create wealth ex nihilo, sort
Rothbard argues that federal tampering with money depreciates the value of the dollar, thus increasing inflation. More money in the economy is not necessarily good. If I increase the money supply by 10%, then people have more money to spend on goods. However, in order to make a profit (or not go broke), the entrepreneur must increase his prices by 10%, so we are back at square one.But it is more sinister than that. The FED, by means of controlling central bank, can create wealth ex nihilo, sort of like God in Genesis 1. The more money they create by means of fraction reserve banking, the less our dollar is worth. Don't believe me? Read a newspaper and see the results.
...moreHe promotes a free market monetary system with no government control/meddling. He clearly favors a hard metal currency, and a single currency within a country. I am more of a believer in any currency (metal or no) that the free market determines. Thus, I would be more than happy to see concurrent currencies. However, Rothbard does not really broach that issue, he simply mentions it in passing.
The book is good and finishes with
Rothbard is ever the genius. This review will not do his book justice.He promotes a free market monetary system with no government control/meddling. He clearly favors a hard metal currency, and a single currency within a country. I am more of a believer in any currency (metal or no) that the free market determines. Thus, I would be more than happy to see concurrent currencies. However, Rothbard does not really broach that issue, he simply mentions it in passing.
The book is good and finishes with a brief overview of the history of government meddling in money.
...moreAfter reading from various sources on inflation, deflation, the gold standard, the merits and evils of saving (aka hoarding) and the role of government in creating and regulating money I am convinced that this is the boo
Rothbard is the man. His brutally methodical and rational approach to what money is, and what it should be, make his case for a gold standard seem obvious, despite the majority of economists supporting government controlled, fiat currencies and condescendingly mocking 'goldbugs.'After reading from various sources on inflation, deflation, the gold standard, the merits and evils of saving (aka hoarding) and the role of government in creating and regulating money I am convinced that this is the book to go to. Any argument against a gold standard will have to answer Rothbard to remain credible.
...moreThis is a great introduction to the bubble called "banking". The author discusses Austrian school of economics, explains in a simplest possible way
1. why the gold standard was natural, a great idea,
2. why we (
This is a great introduction to the bubble called "banking". The author discusses Austrian school of economics, explains in a simplest possible way
1. why the gold standard was natural, a great idea,
2. why we (and all modern nations) left it, and
3. how it's not the anachronistic boogey-man mainstream media and economists would like you to think it is.
Add the growing interest towards Cryptocurrency and Decentralised Finance, this is an excellent read.
You can find this book in the form of PDF and epub here for free.
...moreA MAINSTREAM economicst would finish it something like this: "And THAT IS WHY IT MUST BE controlled and regulated by the government." An AUSTRIAN would go on saying: "And
Money is the lifeblood of economy. Monetary system is the nerve system of it. AND... The rest of the statement depends on whom it is coming from. It is there that the unity stops and grave disaccords among various schools of economics - such as mainstream economics (think Krugman) and that of Austrians (think Rothbard) - begin.A MAINSTREAM economicst would finish it something like this: "And THAT IS WHY IT MUST BE controlled and regulated by the government." An AUSTRIAN would go on saying: "And YET, IT IS controlled and regulated by the government."
I wonder how many of the world central bankers, as well as (mainstream) economists endorsing the necessity for central banks, have read this classic. I am even more curious as to what those who have read it truly think about it.
In any case,
what I truly think is that the fiat paper money system under which the world economies operate today - IMHO being one of the two biggest problems of the world - is a PERNICIOUS system. There are more reasons as to why. To name a few:
1) it is detrimental to economy (in that it hampers the division of labor, specialization, and trade, the very essence of society that has progressed and moved beyond its primitive stage of barter);
2) it is immoral (think redistribution of wealth; worse yet, think redistribution of wealth from the many poor to the few rich);
3) it is destabilizing (think boom and bust cycles; worse yet, think credit-induced artificial, phony boom leading to real, painful bust);
4) it creates environment that encourages the culture of consumerism (please, do not confuse consumerism with capitalism).
I think IT IS HIGH TIME PEOPLE GOT EDUCATED about what system we have (and what system we don't have), whom it benefits, what money is (and what money is not), what governments/central banks do, what the difference between a savings-induced growth and credit-induced boom is, etc. - all this having serious effects on them.
To get this education, this book is an EXCELLENT choice. I find it extremely well written. In fact, Rothbard is BRILLIANT in it.
A must read for all who long to understand how the money - and by extension, the world - works (think Henry Kissinger, Secretery of State under Nixon and then Ford: "If you control the oil, you control nations. If you control food, you control people. If you control money, you control the world.")
...moreThe first part of the book explains how money came about, and how gold (and silver) came to be the most common medium for trade exchange, and also makes a case for how a free market gold standard would work in a fictional (or historic) economy. I liked the historic aspects, but thought the case for a gold standard lacking. There was no mention of the limitations to deal with bubbles (may it be tulips, .com, or real estate), and it was v
This was a quick read, and an interesting history of money.The first part of the book explains how money came about, and how gold (and silver) came to be the most common medium for trade exchange, and also makes a case for how a free market gold standard would work in a fictional (or historic) economy. I liked the historic aspects, but thought the case for a gold standard lacking. There was no mention of the limitations to deal with bubbles (may it be tulips, .com, or real estate), and it was very simplistic in how a gold standard would auto-correct prices in a deflation. Further, inflation is painted as a great evil, but there is no mention of the benefits of a moderate inflation, nor the benefits of avoiding deflation. Instead the focus lies on the dangers of hyperinflation, and government interactions .
The author also made it pretty clear that he considered banking leverage being theft, or fraud, but there is no mention of potential benefits from funding loans (be it start-ups or personal) beyond that of the fixed money supply (the finite resource of gold). It seems to me that we would have much less growth without leverage, so it would have been interesting to read the author's take on that.
The last part of the book explained the international standards from WWI and onward. This was, to me, the most interesting part, since I didn't know much about this prior, and it gave me some understanding of the Bretton Woods stystem, etc. Almost bumped the book up to three stars, but I give it two strong stars.
...moreThis book will open your eyes in extremely important ways! READ IT! ...more
The first half of this book is amazing for its brevity and ease of understanding. The last half gets more technical and historical. I'd say that even a fairly advanced middle school student could get a tremendous
The biggest takeaway from this book is this: money arose spontaneously out of the free market (so much for free market chaos), money is one of man's greatest gifts to himself, government took control of money (i.e., the production and regulation of money) and man has suffered ever since.The first half of this book is amazing for its brevity and ease of understanding. The last half gets more technical and historical. I'd say that even a fairly advanced middle school student could get a tremendous amount of use out of the first half of this book.
...moreWhat Has Government Done to Our Money? is a remarkable book. F
Murray Rothbard was the distinguished professor of economics at the University of Nevada, and dean of the Austrian School. He authored 17 books, including the one under review here – What Has Government Done to Our Money? Essentially, the book explains what money is and describes how money has changed. Money changed because governments and banks abandoned the gold standard. Fiat currency emerged, and with it a whole bunch of problems.What Has Government Done to Our Money? is a remarkable book. For it takes a complicated subject, boils it down, and dispenses the vital ingredients in a crystal clear manner. The text is smooth as cashmere, not herky-jerky like most highbrow books where you have no idea what you just read and really don't care either. Rothbard's book hooks you immediately and then reels you in with a deft touch.
The book is has two primary parts. The first part relates the history of money and what government has done to it. This part includes 'Money in a Free Society,' 'Government Meddling With Money," and 'The Monetary Breakdown of the West." In the second part, Rothbard presents his case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar.
According to Rothbard, money became problematic way back in 1913, which was when America adopted the Federal Reserve System – a Central Bank. As Rothbard points out, "A Central Bank attains its commanding position from its governmentally granted monopoly of the note issue." From that point on the definition of money began to change.
The first 'money' issued by the Fed in 1914 stated:
This Note Is Receivable By All National and Member Banks and Federal Reserve Banks and for all Taxes, Customs, and Other Public Dues. It Is Redeemable in Gold on Demand At the Treasurey Department of the United States in the City of Washington, District of Columbia or in Gold or Lawful Money At Andy Federal Reserve Bank.
By 1950 this was revised to
This Note Is Legal Tender for All Debts, Public and Private, and Is Redeemable in Lawful Money At the United States Treasury, or At Any Federal Reserve Bank.
The Constitution, remember, demands that "lawful money" be made only of silver or gold. So although the 1950 revision was vague, it still met the legal definition imposed by the Constitution. The Fed's paper could be redeemed for gold or silver on demand.
Then in 1963, the wording was changed again. This time it read:
This Note Is Legal Tender for All Debts, Public and Private.
This statement meant the money could not be exchanged for gold or silver or – for that matter – anything else. In effect, this money was money only because the Fed said it was.
Fiat currency became the new star of the show. To Rothbard, the Fed is nothing more than a massive counterfeiting operation that forces Americans to pay ever-growing interest on money that continues to be worth less and less. In Rothbard's opinion, the only way to stop this vicious cycle is "by the return to a free market commodity money such as gold, and by removing government totally from the monetary scene."
Rothbard sums up by stating "that gold, that scarce and valuable market-produced metal, has always been, and will continue to be, by far the best money for human society." Having said it, he turns his attention to the 100 Percent Gold Dollar.
Rothbard does not advocate a return to the pre-1933 gold standard. Why? Because "it seems clear to me that the gold standard of the 1920s was so vitiated as to be ready to collapse. A return to such a gold standard … would only pave the way for another collapse." Instead, Rothbard advocates a 100 Percent Gold standard. Such a system, he argues, would end "fractional-reserve" banking, which is "simply fraud." In addition, it would bring inflation to a screeching halt and force governments to balance their budgets.
One of the big objections to 100 percent gold is that the money supply would be insufficient. In short, there wouldn't be enough money to go around. Rothbard counters this objection by directing attention to the "great monetary lesson of classical economics: that the supply of money essentially does not matter." In other words, Rothbard is saying that money is a medium of exchange. Which means the purchasing power of the available money supply will adjust accordingly. Each monetary unit will be worth more.
Rothbard goes on to state bluntly "this is the only system compatible with the fullest preservation of the rights of property. It is the only system that assures the end of inflation and, with it, of the business cycle. He admits that his recommendation is "radical," especially in today's world. Yet he insists that such a measure is in keeping with the great traditions of Jefferson and Jackson, both of who "were fully devoted to capitalism and the free market."
Adopting a 100 percent gold dollar would be painful, concedes Rothbard. He perceives two ways to go about it. "Force a deflation of the supply of dollars down to the currently valued gold stock" or "raise the price of gold." Whichever route is selected, Rothbard believes it must be done. Not to do so is "to abandon human reason."
This is a powerful book. Its message is powerfully argued. Much historical and logical evidence is presented. Yet one has to wonder if anyone is listening.
...moreIn the 1970s, he assisted Charles Koch and Ed Crane to fo
Murray Newton Rothbard was an influential American historian, natural law theorist and economist of the Austrian School who helped define modern libertarianism. Rothbard took the Austrian School's emphasis on spontaneous order and condemnation of central planning to an individualist anarchist conclusion, which he termed "anarcho-capitalism".In the 1970s, he assisted Charles Koch and Ed Crane to found the Cato Institute as libertarian think tank.
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What Has Government Done To Our Money?
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